Tip: A Straight line can take you a long way sketching a building

I’ll be honest, I’ve thought long and hard before posting anything which might be thought of as a tutorial. I stress now that I have absolutely no qualifications in art, and have not had an art lesson since I was 14 years old, and gave it up as a subject at school. Any skills I have are things I have picked up piecemeal, by trial and error, and without really realising or understanding how.

However, just in the last week I have had two different local businesses commission me to make sketches for their material. I’ve also had a couple of people ask how they can improve their own sketching skills. In order to come up with a reasonable answer, I’ve had to really think about what it is that I actually do when I go sketching. And one thing I keep coming back to, which other people harp on about, is the ability to make relatively straight lines.

Here’s the sketch I made earlier today.

Normally, I would prefer to sketch from life, on the spot. However I thought that it would be easier to write this post if I had a photograph of the scene to show you. Here it is.

Now, for me the key element of the sketch was the sculpture in the centre. In fact when I started I hadn’t yet decided whether I was just going to sketch the sculpture on its own, or include any background.

Anything you sketch is going to involve making lines, and probably a lot of these will be quite straight lines. The sides of the main column were the first lines I wanted to make. Now, a lot of my process of drawing an accurate line is done with my eyes. I look at what I’m trying to represent with a line closely before putting pen to paper. The first line I wanted to start with was the left hand side of the column. Looking carefully, you can see that it is a diagonal, since the column tapers slightly upwards. Rather than making the line in one go. I put a small dot on the page where I intended to start the top of the line, and then another, slightly closer to the left hand edge of the page, as far down as the point where the side joins the base. I always use my own judgement on this. Yes, working with a photo I could have measured it. For that matter, I might have used a protractor to get the angle of taper accurate. But I’m not trying to make a photograph. Eye reckoning is usually good enough, and your ability to do this improves with practice.

You can just about see the two dots I started with in this picture. The next thing to do is to join the two dots with a straight line. Now, here’s a useful tip. When you’re making a straight diagonal or horizontal line, then turn your sketchbook around so that the two dots line up, and you have a straight line to draw. It’s much easier to keep your pen or pencil going in a straight line if you’re pulling it directly down towards yourself. This is what I was doing in the second picture. You can see that I’ve slightly swivelled the paper, and as a result it was so much easier to get a reasonably straight line. To make the other side of the column, then, I made another two dots. This time I had my first line to act as a rough guide , and again, I used eye judgement to work out how far apart the top of the column should be. The fact that the column is vertically symmetrical helped me to judge where to put the bottom spot. This time I swivelled the page in the opposite direction from before in order to give me the easiest straight line to draw.

The next step was making a few more straight lines, but this time the diagonal horizontals to make the top and bottoms of the columns. Perspective wise, you have to remember that the diagonals are steeper at the sides, and shallower towards the centre.

When you think about perspective as well, here’s a tip for putting in verticals on a tapered octagonal or hexagonal column like this. You’ve got both sides in, so the next line to put in is the centre, which is straight. This just left me with the diagonals, which I made by putting sports on the lines at top and bottom. The diagonal should still be apparent, but clearly shallower than the sides.  

I used the top of the column as a guideline of how to make the horizontals one third and two thirds of the way down the column. As before, I turned the page to ensure that I was always pulling straight downwards.

 Basically, that’s the column. I still had to add the base at the bottom and the lantern at the top, but you can start to see how the sketch began to come together in the pictures below. Having got my straight lines good enough on the column it didn’t take a great deal of shading to make it zing out, and really start to look like the column. Even adding the background, where the roof line and the wall line were curved, the vast majority of lines I was making were curved, and I was using exactly the same techniques to make the straight lines for drain pipes, window frames etc.

Now, if you compare the finished sketch with the photograph, you’ll see that this is by no means a perfect rendition of the column. But it works, and it works because my straight lines a re pretty consistent with each other. And that’s really not so difficult to achieve – as I said, a straight line can actually take you a long way when you’re sketching a building.

One Sketch #28) Sculpture - Swansea, Promenade

This one I made this morning.

It's one of a number of fairly prominent public sculptures which stand on the promenade in Swansea. This one, to my untutored eyes, seems to have been inspired by a lighthouse - the main body of it and the lantern on the top certainly put me in mind of a lighthouse, anyway.

Waves roll in
The tides of time grind and pound,
Lap and caress,
And against their surge
No light may avail.

I'll be saying a bit more about this sketch in my next post. Speaking of which. . .

One Sketch #27) Patti Pavilion, Swansea

I like to go out sketching on a Saturday, and to day was no exception. What was an exception was that I was so tired because I've been having trouble sleeping, that I only had the stamina to make a couple of sketches. This is the better of the two: -

I sold a couple of sketch commissions last week, and so I spent some of the proceeds buying myself the sepia toned pens that I used on this sketch.

The Patti Pavilion is named after Dame Adelina Patti, an extremely popular opera singer at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century. It was originally part of her estate in Craig y Nos Castle, and she donated it to Swansea in 1918. It's a venue for the performing arts, though that modern glass extension in the front is an Indian restaurant.

An opera singer called Patti
-Among her own time's glitterati-
Donated this venue
That's generous, but then you
Might have to admit she was batty.

One Sketch #26) Seagulls

Yes, I was looking for inspiration at lunchtime, and these little buggers were standing on my windowsill. I snatched up my biro and a piece of paper.

There's pickings to be found

On the grass, on the ground

Everywhere, all around

It lies.

With my claws and with my beak

I will gather what I seek

I am neither shy, nor meek

No surprise.

So before my verse is through

I should ask, is it not true

- If I'm vicious, aren't you too?

Tell no lies. 

One Sketch #25) Exeter University (Thursday 19th)

Yes, sorry I didn't post yesterday, but I was taking a group of pupils to an event at Exeter University yesterday. 7 hours on a bus, and so although I did make this sketch yesterday, I didn't have the oomph to scan it and post it last night. This is one of the older buildings of the university.

Exeter is a very beautiful university, and I think we saw it to its best advantage yesterday in brilliant warm Spring sunshine. As fort the kids, they were fantastic - we were on the bus 7 hours all told yesterday, and they were a pleasure to be with. 

The Sun is shining

And the world is kind

To give me such pupils

With young and eager minds. 

One Sketch #24) Komodo Dragon

I was stuck for inspiration for today, so I thought about sketching a creature I really like.

It goes back to a children's encyclopaedia I had when I was young, which had a photograph of one in it, and also watching a David Attenborough documentary. What brought it to mind again was a couple of days ago watching Stephen Fry's excellent "Last Chance To See " series.

Not dragon,
Nor dinosaur
Not the stuff of legend
Nor a living fossil.
More than both
I am the stuff of nightmares
Made flesh.

One Sketch #23) Classroom door

As I said in yesterday's post, this is my first week back in work - school - since the Easter break. It's been a hard day. Part of my problem is that the older you get, the less tolerant you get, and the harder it is to put up with the niggling little darlings.

I am too old
A fossil from the chalk age
Too old to do something else
And too young to finish.

Gosh, that's miserable isn't it. Sorry, it's been that kind of day.